If you can't figure out how to do it with xmodmap, it's probably impossible. You can read the man page, maybe look at an example, and you'll quickly understand everything except the subtlety of modifiers. If you decide to write the keymap manually, the advantage of xmodmap is that it's very simple.
I can't find one with an Ubuntu package, for instance. There are a few XKB GUI editors on the web, but all the ones I can find are projects that were quickly abandoned and aren't as easy to install as XKe圜aps.
I'm not sure if Wayland supports xmodmap. There are tools to quickly switch between layouts (for example to have window-specific layouts) or to indicate the current keyboard layout that only work with XKB. I can't give details because this is not a topic that I know well. XKB has better support for non-alphabetic languages or multi-script input. It's also an XKB limitation since the system defaults are reapplied, not your user settings. If you hotplug a keyboard, the XKB system defaults get reapplied. This is great for people who want to combine predefined settings (“give me a Hungarian keyboard with Ctrl and CapsLock swapped and Alt+ Windows is Menu, and for the key codes of a Sun 5 keyboard”), but you wouldn't care since you're making your own layout. Another thing xmodmap can't do is to have different sets of modifiers influence different keys, for example to have Shift and AltGr affect printable characters but Ctrl and Alt affect function keys. An example of a thing that I do with XKB that doesn't work with xmodmap is that I make Alt+ CapsLock be Lock (that's how X11 spells Caps Lock), but not CapsLock itself. X11 has many quirks related to modifiers, including the fact that CapsLock and NumLock are considered modifiers. 
It's perfectly fine to use xmodmap if you want, but it isn't as powerful as XKB. A downside of XKe圜aps is that it's only a front-end to the old-style X window keymap interface, xmodmap, and not the modern interface, XKB. On the upside, XKe圜aps is a GUI and it's very mature.
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